Global Worm Screw Jacks Market Professional Survey Report 2019
SKU ID : QYR-14645210 | Publishing Date : 04-Sep-2019 | No. of pages : 118
Detailed TOC of Global Worm Screw Jacks Market Professional Survey Report 2019
Table of ContentsExecutive Summary
1 Industry Overview of Worm Screw Jacks
1.1 Definition of Worm Screw Jacks
1.2 Worm Screw Jacks Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate Comparison by Types (2014-2025)
1.2.2 Translating Screw Jacks
1.2.3 Trapezoidal Screw Jacks
1.2.4 Rotating Screw Jacks
1.3 Worm Screw Jacks Segment by Applications
1.3.1 Global Worm Screw Jacks Consumption Comparison by Applications (2014-2025)
1.3.2 Mechanical Engineering
1.3.3 Automotive
1.3.4 Energy
1.3.5 Food
1.3.6 Logistic
1.3.7 Others
1.4 Global Worm Screw Jacks Overall Market
1.4.1 Global Worm Screw Jacks Revenue (2014-2025)
1.4.2 Global Worm Screw Jacks Production (2014-2025)
1.4.3 North America Worm Screw Jacks Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.4 Europe Worm Screw Jacks Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.5 China Worm Screw Jacks Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.6 Japan Worm Screw Jacks Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.7 Southeast Asia Worm Screw Jacks Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.8 India Worm Screw Jacks Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Worm Screw Jacks
2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Worm Screw Jacks
2.4 Industry Chain Structure of Worm Screw Jacks
3 Development and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of Worm Screw Jacks
3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date
3.2 Global Worm Screw Jacks Manufacturing Plants Distribution
3.3 Major Manufacturers Technology Source and Market Position of Worm Screw Jacks
3.4 Recent Development and Expansion Plans
4 Key Figures of Major Manufacturers
4.1 Worm Screw Jacks Production and Capacity Analysis
4.2 Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Analysis
4.3 Worm Screw Jacks Price Analysis
4.4 Market Concentration Degree
5 Worm Screw Jacks Regional Market Analysis
5.1 Worm Screw Jacks Production by Regions
5.1.1 Global Worm Screw Jacks Production by Regions
5.1.2 Global Worm Screw Jacks Revenue by Regions
5.2 Worm Screw Jacks Consumption by Regions
5.3 North America Worm Screw Jacks Market Analysis
5.3.1 North America Worm Screw Jacks Production
5.3.2 North America Worm Screw Jacks Revenue
5.3.3 Key Manufacturers in North America
5.3.4 North America Worm Screw Jacks Import and Export
5.4 Europe Worm Screw Jacks Market Analysis
5.4.1 Europe Worm Screw Jacks Production
5.4.2 Europe Worm Screw Jacks Revenue
5.4.3 Key Manufacturers in Europe
5.4.4 Europe Worm Screw Jacks Import and Export
5.5 China Worm Screw Jacks Market Analysis
5.5.1 China Worm Screw Jacks Production
5.5.2 China Worm Screw Jacks Revenue
5.5.3 Key Manufacturers in China
5.5.4 China Worm Screw Jacks Import and Export
5.6 Japan Worm Screw Jacks Market Analysis
5.6.1 Japan Worm Screw Jacks Production
5.6.2 Japan Worm Screw Jacks Revenue
5.6.3 Key Manufacturers in Japan
5.6.4 Japan Worm Screw Jacks Import and Export
5.7 Southeast Asia Worm Screw Jacks Market Analysis
5.7.1 Southeast Asia Worm Screw Jacks Production
5.7.2 Southeast Asia Worm Screw Jacks Revenue
5.7.3 Key Manufacturers in Southeast Asia
5.7.4 Southeast Asia Worm Screw Jacks Import and Export
5.8 India Worm Screw Jacks Market Analysis
5.8.1 India Worm Screw Jacks Production
5.8.2 India Worm Screw Jacks Revenue
5.8.3 Key Manufacturers in India
5.8.4 India Worm Screw Jacks Import and Export
6 Worm Screw Jacks Segment Market Analysis (by Type)
6.1 Global Worm Screw Jacks Production by Type
6.2 Global Worm Screw Jacks Revenue by Type
6.3 Worm Screw Jacks Price by Type
7 Worm Screw Jacks Segment Market Analysis (by Application)
7.1 Global Worm Screw Jacks Consumption by Application
7.2 Global Worm Screw Jacks Consumption Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
8 Worm Screw Jacks Major Manufacturers Analysis
8.1 Joyce Dayton
8.1.1 Joyce Dayton Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
8.1.2 Joyce Dayton Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.1.3 Joyce Dayton Worm Screw Jacks Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.1.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.2 Servomech
8.2.1 Servomech Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
8.2.2 Servomech Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.2.3 Servomech Worm Screw Jacks Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.2.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.3 Dongguan NOSEN M&E Technology
8.3.1 Dongguan NOSEN M&E Technology Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
8.3.2 Dongguan NOSEN M&E Technology Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.3.3 Dongguan NOSEN M&E Technology Worm Screw Jacks Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.3.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.4 MecVel
8.4.1 MecVel Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
8.4.2 MecVel Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.4.3 MecVel Worm Screw Jacks Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.4.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.5 Gears and Gear Drives
8.5.1 Gears and Gear Drives Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
8.5.2 Gears and Gear Drives Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.5.3 Gears and Gear Drives Worm Screw Jacks Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.5.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.6 NOOK Industries
8.6.1 NOOK Industries Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
8.6.2 NOOK Industries Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.6.3 NOOK Industries Worm Screw Jacks Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.6.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.7 UNIMEC
8.7.1 UNIMEC Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
8.7.2 UNIMEC Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.7.3 UNIMEC Worm Screw Jacks Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.7.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.8 Zimm
8.8.1 Zimm Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
8.8.2 Zimm Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.8.3 Zimm Worm Screw Jacks Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.8.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.9 INKOMA-GROUP
8.9.1 INKOMA-GROUP Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
8.9.2 INKOMA-GROUP Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.9.3 INKOMA-GROUP Worm Screw Jacks Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.9.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.10 COLUMBUS McKINNON
8.10.1 COLUMBUS McKINNON Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
8.10.2 COLUMBUS McKINNON Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.10.3 COLUMBUS McKINNON Worm Screw Jacks Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.10.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.11 WMH Herion Antriebstechnik
8.12 Grob GmbH Antriebstechnik
8.13 NEFF-Gewindetriebe
8.14 Nippon Gear
8.15 Candy Controls
9 Development Trend of Analysis of Worm Screw Jacks Market
9.1 Global Worm Screw Jacks Market Trend Analysis
9.1.1 Global Worm Screw Jacks Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2 Worm Screw Jacks Regional Market Trend
9.2.1 North America Worm Screw Jacks Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.2 Europe Worm Screw Jacks Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.3 China Worm Screw Jacks Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.4 Japan Worm Screw Jacks Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.5 Southeast Asia Worm Screw Jacks Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.6 India Worm Screw Jacks Forecast 2019-2025
9.3 Worm Screw Jacks Market Trend (Product Type)
9.4 Worm Screw Jacks Market Trend (Application)
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.3 Worm Screw Jacks Customers
11 Market Dynamics
11.1 Market Trends
11.2 Opportunities
11.3 Market Drivers
11.4 Challenges
11.5 Influence Factors
12 Conclusion
13 Appendix
13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
13.2.1 Secondary Sources
13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Author List
13.4 Disclaimer
List of Figures, Tables and Charts Available in Global Worm Screw Jacks Market Professional Survey Report 2019
List of Tables and FiguresFigure Picture of Worm Screw Jacks
Table Global Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units) Growth Rate Comparison by Types (2014-2025)
Figure Global Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share by Types in 2018
Figure Translating Screw Jacks Product Picture
Figure Trapezoidal Screw Jacks Product Picture
Figure Rotating Screw Jacks Product Picture
Table Global Worm Screw Jacks Consumption (K Units) Comparison by Applications (2014-2025)
Figure Global Worm Screw Jacks Consumption Market Share by Applications in 2018
Figure Mechanical Engineering
Figure Automotive
Figure Energy
Figure Food
Figure Logistic
Figure Others
Figure Global Worm Screw Jacks Revenue (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure Global Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units) (2014-2025)
Figure North America Worm Screw Jacks Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure Europe Worm Screw Jacks Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure China Worm Screw Jacks Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure Japan Worm Screw Jacks Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure Southeast Asia Worm Screw Jacks Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure India Worm Screw Jacks Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Table Worm Screw Jacks Raw Material and Suppliers
Table Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Worm Screw Jacks in 2018
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Worm Screw Jacks
Figure Industry Chain Structure of Worm Screw Jacks
Table Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Key Manufacturers
Table Global Worm Screw Jacks Manufacturing Plants Distribution
Table Worm Screw Jacks Major Manufacturers Technology Source and Market Position
Table Recent Development and Expansion Plans in Future
Table Worm Screw Jacks Capacity (K Units) of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Table Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units) of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Table Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Figure Worm Screw Jacks Production Share by Manufacturers in 2018
Table Worm Screw Jacks Revenue (Million US$) of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Table Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Market Share of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Figure Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2018
Table Worm Screw Jacks Average Price (USD/Unit) of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Table Global Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table Global Worm Screw Jacks Production by Regions 2014-2019 (K Units)
Table Global Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share by Regions in 2018
Table Global Worm Screw Jacks Revenue by Regions 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Global Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2018
Table Global Worm Screw Jacks Consumption by Regions 2014-2019 (K Units)
Table Global Worm Screw Jacks Consumption Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure North America Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure North America Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table North America Worm Screw Jacks Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Europe Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure Europe Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Europe Worm Screw Jacks Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure China Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure China Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table China Worm Screw Jacks Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Japan Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure Japan Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Japan Worm Screw Jacks Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Southeast Asia Worm Screw Jacks Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure India Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure India Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table India Worm Screw Jacks Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Global Consumption Worm Screw Jacks Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
Figure Global Value (Consumption) Worm Screw Jacks Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
Table Joyce Dayton Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table Joyce Dayton Worm Screw Jacks Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Joyce Dayton Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Joyce Dayton Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Joyce Dayton Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Joyce Dayton Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Joyce Dayton Worm Screw Jacks Main Business and Markets Served
Table Servomech Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table Servomech Worm Screw Jacks Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Servomech Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Servomech Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Servomech Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Servomech Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Servomech Worm Screw Jacks Main Business and Markets Served
Table Dongguan NOSEN M&E Technology Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table Dongguan NOSEN M&E Technology Worm Screw Jacks Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Dongguan NOSEN M&E Technology Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Dongguan NOSEN M&E Technology Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Dongguan NOSEN M&E Technology Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Dongguan NOSEN M&E Technology Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Dongguan NOSEN M&E Technology Worm Screw Jacks Main Business and Markets Served
Table MecVel Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table MecVel Worm Screw Jacks Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table MecVel Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table MecVel Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table MecVel Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure MecVel Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table MecVel Worm Screw Jacks Main Business and Markets Served
Table Gears and Gear Drives Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table Gears and Gear Drives Worm Screw Jacks Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Gears and Gear Drives Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Gears and Gear Drives Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Gears and Gear Drives Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Gears and Gear Drives Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Gears and Gear Drives Worm Screw Jacks Main Business and Markets Served
Table NOOK Industries Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table NOOK Industries Worm Screw Jacks Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table NOOK Industries Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table NOOK Industries Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table NOOK Industries Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure NOOK Industries Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table NOOK Industries Worm Screw Jacks Main Business and Markets Served
Table UNIMEC Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table UNIMEC Worm Screw Jacks Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table UNIMEC Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table UNIMEC Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table UNIMEC Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure UNIMEC Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table UNIMEC Worm Screw Jacks Main Business and Markets Served
Table Zimm Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table Zimm Worm Screw Jacks Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Zimm Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Zimm Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Zimm Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Zimm Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Zimm Worm Screw Jacks Main Business and Markets Served
Table INKOMA-GROUP Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table INKOMA-GROUP Worm Screw Jacks Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table INKOMA-GROUP Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table INKOMA-GROUP Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table INKOMA-GROUP Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure INKOMA-GROUP Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table INKOMA-GROUP Worm Screw Jacks Main Business and Markets Served
Table COLUMBUS McKINNON Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table COLUMBUS McKINNON Worm Screw Jacks Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table COLUMBUS McKINNON Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table COLUMBUS McKINNON Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table COLUMBUS McKINNON Worm Screw Jacks Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure COLUMBUS McKINNON Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table COLUMBUS McKINNON Worm Screw Jacks Main Business and Markets Served
Table WMH Herion Antriebstechnik Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table Grob GmbH Antriebstechnik Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table NEFF-Gewindetriebe Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table Nippon Gear Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Table Candy Controls Worm Screw Jacks Production Sites and Area Served
Figure Global Worm Screw Jacks Production (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025
Figure Global Worm Screw Jacks Revenue (Million USD) Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025
Figure Global Worm Screw Jacks Sales Price (USD/Unit) Forecast 2019-2025
Figure North America Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure North America Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure Europe Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure Europe Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure China Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure China Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure Japan Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure Japan Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure Southeast Asia Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure India Worm Screw Jacks Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure India Worm Screw Jacks Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Table Global Production (K Units) of Worm Screw Jacks by Type (2019-2025)
Table Global Consumption (K Units) of Worm Screw Jacks by Application (2019-2025)
Table Worm Screw Jacks Distributors List
Table Worm Screw Jacks Customers List
Table Market Key Trends
Table Key Opportunities
Table Market Key Drivers
Table Key Challenges
Table Key Influence Factors
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources
Keyplayers in Global Worm Screw Jacks Market Professional Survey Report 2019
Joyce DaytonServomech
Dongguan NOSEN M&E Technology
MecVel
Gears and Gear Drives
NOOK Industries
UNIMEC
Zimm
INKOMA-GROUP
COLUMBUS McKINNON
WMH Herion Antriebstechnik
Grob GmbH Antriebstechnik
NEFF-Gewindetriebe
Nippon Gear
Candy Controls