1 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Overview 1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds 1.2 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Segment by Type 1.2.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Size Growth Rate Analysis by Type 2021 VS 2027 1.2.2 Homopolymer 1.2.3 Copolymer 1.3 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Segment by Application 1.3.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Comparison by Application: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027 1.3.2 Automotive 1.3.3 Consumer Products 1.3.4 Building and Construction 1.3.5 Packaging 1.3.6 Electrical and Electronics 1.3.7 Others 1.4 Global Market Growth Prospects 1.4.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 1.4.2 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 1.4.3 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 1.5 Global Market Size by Region 1.5.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Size Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027 1.5.2 North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 1.5.3 Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 1.5.4 China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 1.5.5 Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 2 Market Competition by Manufacturers 2.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021) 2.2 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021) 2.3 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) 2.4 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Average Price by Manufacturers (2016-2021) 2.5 Manufacturers Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Sites, Area Served, Product Types 2.6 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Competitive Situation and Trends 2.6.1 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Concentration Rate 2.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Players Market Share by Revenue 2.6.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion 3 Production and Capacity by Region 3.1 Global Production Capacity of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Share by Region (2016-2021) 3.2 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021) 3.3 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 3.4 North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production 3.4.1 North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Growth Rate (2016-2021) 3.4.2 North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 3.5 Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production 3.5.1 Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Growth Rate (2016-2021) 3.5.2 Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 3.6 China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production 3.6.1 China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Growth Rate (2016-2021) 3.6.2 China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 3.7 Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production 3.7.1 Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Growth Rate (2016-2021) 3.7.2 Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 4 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Region 4.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Region 4.1.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Region 4.1.2 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Region 4.2 North America 4.2.1 North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Country 4.2.2 U.S. 4.2.3 Canada 4.3 Europe 4.3.1 Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Country 4.3.2 Germany 4.3.3 France 4.3.4 U.K. 4.3.5 Italy 4.3.6 Russia 4.4 Asia Pacific 4.4.1 Asia Pacific Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Region 4.4.2 China 4.4.3 Japan 4.4.4 South Korea 4.4.5 Taiwan 4.4.6 Southeast Asia 4.4.7 India 4.4.8 Australia 4.5 Latin America 4.5.1 Latin America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Country 4.5.2 Mexico 4.5.3 Brazil 5 Production, Revenue, Price Trend by Type 5.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Market Share by Type (2016-2021) 5.2 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021) 5.3 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Price by Type (2016-2021) 6 Consumption Analysis by Application 6.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2021) 6.2 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021) 7 Key Companies Profiled 7.1 LyondellBasell Industries 7.1.1 LyondellBasell Industries Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.1.2 LyondellBasell Industries Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.1.3 LyondellBasell Industries Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.1.4 LyondellBasell Industries Main Business and Markets Served 7.1.5 LyondellBasell Industries Recent Developments/Updates 7.2 Sinopec 7.2.1 Sinopec Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.2.2 Sinopec Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.2.3 Sinopec Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.2.4 Sinopec Main Business and Markets Served 7.2.5 Sinopec Recent Developments/Updates 7.3 Braskem 7.3.1 Braskem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.3.2 Braskem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.3.3 Braskem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.3.4 Braskem Main Business and Markets Served 7.3.5 Braskem Recent Developments/Updates 7.4 Reliance Industries Limited 7.4.1 Reliance Industries Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.4.2 Reliance Industries Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.4.3 Reliance Industries Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.4.4 Reliance Industries Limited Main Business and Markets Served 7.4.5 Reliance Industries Limited Recent Developments/Updates 7.5 SABIC 7.5.1 SABIC Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.5.2 SABIC Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.5.3 SABIC Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.5.4 SABIC Main Business and Markets Served 7.5.5 SABIC Recent Developments/Updates 7.6 Formosa Plastics Corp 7.6.1 Formosa Plastics Corp Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.6.2 Formosa Plastics Corp Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.6.3 Formosa Plastics Corp Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.6.4 Formosa Plastics Corp Main Business and Markets Served 7.6.5 Formosa Plastics Corp Recent Developments/Updates 7.7 Hanwha Total 7.7.1 Hanwha Total Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.7.2 Hanwha Total Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.7.3 Hanwha Total Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.7.4 Hanwha Total Main Business and Markets Served 7.7.5 Hanwha Total Recent Developments/Updates 7.8 PetroChina Company Limited 7.8.1 PetroChina Company Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.8.2 PetroChina Company Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.8.3 PetroChina Company Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.8.4 PetroChina Company Limited Main Business and Markets Served 7.7.5 PetroChina Company Limited Recent Developments/Updates 7.9 ExxonMobil Chemical 7.9.1 ExxonMobil Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.9.2 ExxonMobil Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.9.3 ExxonMobil Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.9.4 ExxonMobil Chemical Main Business and Markets Served 7.9.5 ExxonMobil Chemical Recent Developments/Updates 7.10 Borealis 7.10.1 Borealis Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.10.2 Borealis Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.10.3 Borealis Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.10.4 Borealis Main Business and Markets Served 7.10.5 Borealis Recent Developments/Updates 7.11 Asahi Kasei Plastics 7.11.1 Asahi Kasei Plastics Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.11.2 Asahi Kasei Plastics Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.11.3 Asahi Kasei Plastics Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.11.4 Asahi Kasei Plastics Main Business and Markets Served 7.11.5 Asahi Kasei Plastics Recent Developments/Updates 7.12 Mitsui Chemicals 7.12.1 Mitsui Chemicals Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.12.2 Mitsui Chemicals Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.12.3 Mitsui Chemicals Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.12.4 Mitsui Chemicals Main Business and Markets Served 7.12.5 Mitsui Chemicals Recent Developments/Updates 7.13 LG Chem 7.13.1 LG Chem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.13.2 LG Chem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.13.3 LG Chem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.13.4 LG Chem Main Business and Markets Served 7.13.5 LG Chem Recent Developments/Updates 7.14 RTP Company 7.14.1 RTP Company Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.14.2 RTP Company Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.14.3 RTP Company Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.14.4 RTP Company Main Business and Markets Served 7.14.5 RTP Company Recent Developments/Updates 7.15 Sumitomo Chemical 7.15.1 Sumitomo Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.15.2 Sumitomo Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.15.3 Sumitomo Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.15.4 Sumitomo Chemical Main Business and Markets Served 7.15.5 Sumitomo Chemical Recent Developments/Updates 8 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Manufacturing Cost Analysis 8.1 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Key Raw Materials Analysis 8.1.1 Key Raw Materials 8.1.2 Key Raw Materials Price Trend 8.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials 8.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure 8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds 8.4 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Industrial Chain Analysis 9 Marketing Channel, Distributors and Customers 9.1 Marketing Channel 9.2 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Distributors List 9.3 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Customers 10 Market Dynamics 10.1 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Industry Trends 10.2 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Growth Drivers 10.3 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Challenges 10.4 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Restraints 11 Production and Supply Forecast 11.1 Global Forecasted Production of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Region (2022-2027) 11.2 North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027) 11.3 Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027) 11.4 China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027) 11.5 Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027) 12 Consumption and Demand Forecast 12.1 Global Forecasted Demand Analysis of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds 12.2 North America Forecasted Consumption of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Country 12.3 Europe Market Forecasted Consumption of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Country 12.4 Asia Pacific Market Forecasted Consumption of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Region 12.5 Latin America Forecasted Consumption of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Country 13 Forecast by Type and by Application (2022-2027) 13.1 Global Production, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2022-2027) 13.1.1 Global Forecasted Production of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Type (2022-2027) 13.1.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Type (2022-2027) 13.1.3 Global Forecasted Price of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Type (2022-2027) 13.2 Global Forecasted Consumption of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Application (2022-2027) 14 Research Finding and Conclusion 15 Methodology and Data Source 15.1 Methodology/Research Approach 15.1.1 Research Programs/Design 15.1.2 Market Size Estimation 15.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation 15.2 Data Source 15.2.1 Secondary Sources 15.2.2 Primary Sources 15.3 Author List 15.4 Disclaimer

List of Tables Table 1. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Size by Type (K MT) & (US$ Million) (2021 VS 2027) Table 2. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption (K MT) Comparison by Application: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027 Table 3. Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Size Comparison by Region: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027 Table 4. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT) by Manufacturers Table 5. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT) by Manufacturers (2016-2021) Table 6. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021) Table 7. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue (US$ Million) by Manufacturers (2016-2021) Table 8. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021) Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Polypropylene (PP) Compounds as of 2020) Table 10. Global Market Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Average Price (USD/MT) of Key Manufacturers (2016-2021) Table 11. Manufacturers Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Sites and Area Served Table 12. Manufacturers Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Types Table 13. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Table 14. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT) by Region (2016-2021) Table 15. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT) by Region (2016-2021) Table 16. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue (US$ Million) by Region (2016-2021) Table 17. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021) Table 18. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 19. North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 20. Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 21. China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 22. Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 23. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market by Region (2016-2021) & (K MT) Table 24. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Region (2016-2021) Table 25. North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Country (2016-2021) & (K MT) Table 26. Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Country (2016-2021) & (K MT) Table 27. Asia Pacific Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Region (2016-2021) & (K MT) Table 28. Latin America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Countries (2016-2021) & (K MT) Table 29. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT) by Type (2016-2021) Table 30. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Market Share by Type (2016-2021) Table 31. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue (US$ Million) by Type (2016-2021) Table 32. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Share by Type (2016-2021) Table 33. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Price (USD/MT) by Type (2016-2021) Table 34. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Application (2016-2021) & (K MT) Table 35. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2021) Table 36. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021) Table 37. LyondellBasell Industries Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 38. LyondellBasell Industries Specification and Application Table 39. LyondellBasell Industries Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 40. LyondellBasell Industries Main Business and Markets Served Table 41. LyondellBasell Industries Recent Developments/Updates Table 42. Sinopec Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 43. Sinopec Specification and Application Table 44. Sinopec Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 45. Sinopec Main Business and Markets Served Table 46. Sinopec Recent Developments/Updates Table 47. Braskem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 48. Braskem Specification and Application Table 49. Braskem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 50. Braskem Main Business and Markets Served Table 51. Braskem Recent Developments/Updates Table 52. Reliance Industries Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 53. Reliance Industries Limited Specification and Application Table 54. Reliance Industries Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 55. Reliance Industries Limited Main Business and Markets Served Table 56. Reliance Industries Limited Recent Developments/Updates Table 57. SABIC Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 58. SABIC Specification and Application Table 59. SABIC Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 60. SABIC Main Business and Markets Served Table 61. SABIC Recent Developments/Updates Table 62. Formosa Plastics Corp Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 63. Formosa Plastics Corp Specification and Application Table 64. Formosa Plastics Corp Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 65. Formosa Plastics Corp Main Business and Markets Served Table 66. Formosa Plastics Corp Recent Developments/Updates Table 67. Hanwha Total Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 68. Hanwha Total Specification and Application Table 69. Hanwha Total Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 70. Hanwha Total Main Business and Markets Served Table 71. Hanwha Total Recent Developments/Updates Table 72. PetroChina Company Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 73. PetroChina Company Limited Specification and Application Table 74. PetroChina Company Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 75. PetroChina Company Limited Main Business and Markets Served Table 76. PetroChina Company Limited Recent Developments/Updates Table 77. ExxonMobil Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 78. ExxonMobil Chemical Specification and Application Table 79. ExxonMobil Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 80. ExxonMobil Chemical Main Business and Markets Served Table 81. ExxonMobil Chemical Recent Developments/Updates Table 82. Borealis Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 83. Borealis Specification and Application Table 84. Borealis Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 85. Borealis Main Business and Markets Served Table 86. Borealis Recent Developments/Updates Table 87. Asahi Kasei Plastics Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 88. Asahi Kasei Plastics Specification and Application Table 89. Asahi Kasei Plastics Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 90. Asahi Kasei Plastics Main Business and Markets Served Table 91. Asahi Kasei Plastics Recent Developments/Updates Table 92. Mitsui Chemicals Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 93. Mitsui Chemicals Specification and Application Table 94. Mitsui Chemicals Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 95. Mitsui Chemicals Main Business and Markets Served Table 96. Mitsui Chemicals Recent Developments/Updates Table 97. LG Chem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 98. LG Chem Specification and Application Table 99. LG Chem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 100. LG Chem Main Business and Markets Served Table 101. LG Chem Recent Developments/Updates Table 102. RTP Company Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 103. RTP Company Specification and Application Table 104. RTP Company Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 105. RTP Company Main Business and Markets Served Table 106. RTP Company Recent Developments/Updates Table 107. RTP Company Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information Table 108. Sumitomo Chemical Specification and Application Table 109. Sumitomo Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2016-2021) Table 110. Sumitomo Chemical Main Business and Markets Served Table 111. Sumitomo Chemical Recent Developments/Updates Table 112. Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material Table 113. Key Suppliers of Raw Materials Table 114. Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Distributors List Table 115. Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Customers List Table 116. Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Trends Table 117. Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Growth Drivers Table 118. Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Challenges Table 119. Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Restraints Table 120. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT) Forecast by Region (2022-2027) Table 121. North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (K MT) Table 122. Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (K MT) Table 123. Asia Pacific Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (K MT) Table 124. Latin America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (K MT) Table 125. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (K MT) Table 126. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (US$ Million) Table 127. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Price Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (USD/MT) Table 128. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption (K MT) Forecast by Application (2022-2027) Table 129. Research Programs/Design for This Report Table 130. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources Table 131. Key Data Information from Primary Sources List of Figures Figure 1. Product Picture of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Figure 2. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Share by Type: 2020 VS 2027 Figure 3. Homopolymer Product Picture Figure 4. Copolymer Product Picture Figure 5. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Share by Application: 2020 VS 2027 Figure 6. Automotive Figure 7. Consumer Products Figure 8. Building and Construction Figure 9. Packaging Figure 10. Electrical and Electronics Figure 11. Others Figure 12. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue (US$ Million), 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027 Figure 13. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue (US$ Million) (2016-2027) Figure 14. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity (K MT) & (2016-2027) Figure 15. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT) & (2016-2027) Figure 16. North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027) Figure 17. Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027) Figure 18. China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027) Figure 19. Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027) Figure 20. Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Share by Manufacturers in 2020 Figure 21. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2020 Figure 22. Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2016 VS 2020 Figure 23. Global Market Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Average Price (USD/MT) of Key Manufacturers in 2020 Figure 24. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue in 2020 Figure 25. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Market Share by Region (2016-2021) Figure 26. North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT) Growth Rate (2016-2021) Figure 27. Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT) Growth Rate (2016-2021) Figure 28. China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT) Growth Rate (2016-2021) Figure 29. Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT) Growth Rate (2016-2021) Figure 30. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Region (2016-2021) Figure 31. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Region in 2020 Figure 32. North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 33. North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Country in 2020 Figure 34. Canada Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 35. U.S. Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 36. Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 37. Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Country in 2020 Figure 38. Germany America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 39. France Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 40. U.K. Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 41. Italy Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 42. Russia Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 43. Asia Pacific Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 44. Asia Pacific Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Regions in 2020 Figure 45. China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 46. Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 47. South Korea Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 48. Taiwan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 49. Southeast Asia Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 50. India Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 51. Australia Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 52. Latin America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 53. Latin America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Country in 2020 Figure 54. Mexico Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 55. Brazil Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K MT) Figure 56. Production Market Share of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Type (2016-2021) Figure 57. Production Market Share of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Type in 2020 Figure 58. Revenue Share of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Type (2016-2021) Figure 59. Revenue Market Share of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Type in 2020 Figure 60. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2021) Figure 61. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Application in 2020 Figure 62. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021) Figure 63. Key Raw Materials Price Trend Figure 64. Manufacturing Cost Structure of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Figure 65. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Figure 66. Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Industrial Chain Analysis Figure 67. Channels of Distribution Figure 68. Distributors Profiles Figure 69. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027) Figure 70. North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027) Figure 71. Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027) Figure 72. China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027) Figure 73. Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production (K MT) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027) Figure 74. Global Forecasted Demand Analysis of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds (2015-2027) & (K MT) Figure 75. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027) Figure 76. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027) Figure 77. Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Forecast by Application (2022-2027) Figure 78. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report Figure 79. Data Triangulation

1 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Overview 1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds 1.2 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Segment by Type 1.2.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Size Growth Rate Analysis by Type 2021 VS 2027 1.2.2 Homopolymer 1.2.3 Copolymer 1.3 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Segment by Application 1.3.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Comparison by Application: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027 1.3.2 Automotive 1.3.3 Consumer Products 1.3.4 Building and Construction 1.3.5 Packaging 1.3.6 Electrical and Electronics 1.3.7 Others 1.4 Global Market Growth Prospects 1.4.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 1.4.2 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 1.4.3 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 1.5 Global Market Size by Region 1.5.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Size Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027 1.5.2 North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 1.5.3 Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 1.5.4 China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 1.5.5 Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027) 2 Market Competition by Manufacturers 2.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021) 2.2 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021) 2.3 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) 2.4 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Average Price by Manufacturers (2016-2021) 2.5 Manufacturers Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Sites, Area Served, Product Types 2.6 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Competitive Situation and Trends 2.6.1 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Concentration Rate 2.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Players Market Share by Revenue 2.6.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion 3 Production and Capacity by Region 3.1 Global Production Capacity of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Share by Region (2016-2021) 3.2 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021) 3.3 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 3.4 North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production 3.4.1 North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Growth Rate (2016-2021) 3.4.2 North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 3.5 Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production 3.5.1 Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Growth Rate (2016-2021) 3.5.2 Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 3.6 China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production 3.6.1 China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Growth Rate (2016-2021) 3.6.2 China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 3.7 Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production 3.7.1 Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Growth Rate (2016-2021) 3.7.2 Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 4 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Region 4.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Region 4.1.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Region 4.1.2 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Region 4.2 North America 4.2.1 North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Country 4.2.2 U.S. 4.2.3 Canada 4.3 Europe 4.3.1 Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Country 4.3.2 Germany 4.3.3 France 4.3.4 U.K. 4.3.5 Italy 4.3.6 Russia 4.4 Asia Pacific 4.4.1 Asia Pacific Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Region 4.4.2 China 4.4.3 Japan 4.4.4 South Korea 4.4.5 Taiwan 4.4.6 Southeast Asia 4.4.7 India 4.4.8 Australia 4.5 Latin America 4.5.1 Latin America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption by Country 4.5.2 Mexico 4.5.3 Brazil 5 Production, Revenue, Price Trend by Type 5.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Market Share by Type (2016-2021) 5.2 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021) 5.3 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Price by Type (2016-2021) 6 Consumption Analysis by Application 6.1 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2021) 6.2 Global Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021) 7 Key Companies Profiled 7.1 LyondellBasell Industries 7.1.1 LyondellBasell Industries Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.1.2 LyondellBasell Industries Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.1.3 LyondellBasell Industries Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.1.4 LyondellBasell Industries Main Business and Markets Served 7.1.5 LyondellBasell Industries Recent Developments/Updates 7.2 Sinopec 7.2.1 Sinopec Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.2.2 Sinopec Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.2.3 Sinopec Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.2.4 Sinopec Main Business and Markets Served 7.2.5 Sinopec Recent Developments/Updates 7.3 Braskem 7.3.1 Braskem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.3.2 Braskem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.3.3 Braskem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.3.4 Braskem Main Business and Markets Served 7.3.5 Braskem Recent Developments/Updates 7.4 Reliance Industries Limited 7.4.1 Reliance Industries Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.4.2 Reliance Industries Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.4.3 Reliance Industries Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.4.4 Reliance Industries Limited Main Business and Markets Served 7.4.5 Reliance Industries Limited Recent Developments/Updates 7.5 SABIC 7.5.1 SABIC Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.5.2 SABIC Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.5.3 SABIC Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.5.4 SABIC Main Business and Markets Served 7.5.5 SABIC Recent Developments/Updates 7.6 Formosa Plastics Corp 7.6.1 Formosa Plastics Corp Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.6.2 Formosa Plastics Corp Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.6.3 Formosa Plastics Corp Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.6.4 Formosa Plastics Corp Main Business and Markets Served 7.6.5 Formosa Plastics Corp Recent Developments/Updates 7.7 Hanwha Total 7.7.1 Hanwha Total Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.7.2 Hanwha Total Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.7.3 Hanwha Total Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.7.4 Hanwha Total Main Business and Markets Served 7.7.5 Hanwha Total Recent Developments/Updates 7.8 PetroChina Company Limited 7.8.1 PetroChina Company Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.8.2 PetroChina Company Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.8.3 PetroChina Company Limited Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.8.4 PetroChina Company Limited Main Business and Markets Served 7.7.5 PetroChina Company Limited Recent Developments/Updates 7.9 ExxonMobil Chemical 7.9.1 ExxonMobil Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.9.2 ExxonMobil Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.9.3 ExxonMobil Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.9.4 ExxonMobil Chemical Main Business and Markets Served 7.9.5 ExxonMobil Chemical Recent Developments/Updates 7.10 Borealis 7.10.1 Borealis Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.10.2 Borealis Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.10.3 Borealis Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.10.4 Borealis Main Business and Markets Served 7.10.5 Borealis Recent Developments/Updates 7.11 Asahi Kasei Plastics 7.11.1 Asahi Kasei Plastics Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.11.2 Asahi Kasei Plastics Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.11.3 Asahi Kasei Plastics Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.11.4 Asahi Kasei Plastics Main Business and Markets Served 7.11.5 Asahi Kasei Plastics Recent Developments/Updates 7.12 Mitsui Chemicals 7.12.1 Mitsui Chemicals Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.12.2 Mitsui Chemicals Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.12.3 Mitsui Chemicals Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.12.4 Mitsui Chemicals Main Business and Markets Served 7.12.5 Mitsui Chemicals Recent Developments/Updates 7.13 LG Chem 7.13.1 LG Chem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.13.2 LG Chem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.13.3 LG Chem Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.13.4 LG Chem Main Business and Markets Served 7.13.5 LG Chem Recent Developments/Updates 7.14 RTP Company 7.14.1 RTP Company Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.14.2 RTP Company Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.14.3 RTP Company Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.14.4 RTP Company Main Business and Markets Served 7.14.5 RTP Company Recent Developments/Updates 7.15 Sumitomo Chemical 7.15.1 Sumitomo Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Corporation Information 7.15.2 Sumitomo Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Product Portfolio 7.15.3 Sumitomo Chemical Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021) 7.15.4 Sumitomo Chemical Main Business and Markets Served 7.15.5 Sumitomo Chemical Recent Developments/Updates 8 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Manufacturing Cost Analysis 8.1 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Key Raw Materials Analysis 8.1.1 Key Raw Materials 8.1.2 Key Raw Materials Price Trend 8.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials 8.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure 8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds 8.4 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Industrial Chain Analysis 9 Marketing Channel, Distributors and Customers 9.1 Marketing Channel 9.2 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Distributors List 9.3 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Customers 10 Market Dynamics 10.1 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Industry Trends 10.2 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Growth Drivers 10.3 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Challenges 10.4 Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Market Restraints 11 Production and Supply Forecast 11.1 Global Forecasted Production of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Region (2022-2027) 11.2 North America Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027) 11.3 Europe Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027) 11.4 China Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027) 11.5 Japan Polypropylene (PP) Compounds Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027) 12 Consumption and Demand Forecast 12.1 Global Forecasted Demand Analysis of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds 12.2 North America Forecasted Consumption of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Country 12.3 Europe Market Forecasted Consumption of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Country 12.4 Asia Pacific Market Forecasted Consumption of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Region 12.5 Latin America Forecasted Consumption of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Country 13 Forecast by Type and by Application (2022-2027) 13.1 Global Production, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2022-2027) 13.1.1 Global Forecasted Production of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Type (2022-2027) 13.1.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Type (2022-2027) 13.1.3 Global Forecasted Price of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Type (2022-2027) 13.2 Global Forecasted Consumption of Polypropylene (PP) Compounds by Application (2022-2027) 14 Research Finding and Conclusion 15 Methodology and Data Source 15.1 Methodology/Research Approach 15.1.1 Research Programs/Design 15.1.2 Market Size Estimation 15.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation 15.2 Data Source 15.2.1 Secondary Sources 15.2.2 Primary Sources 15.3 Author List 15.4 Disclaimer