2022-2029 Global Pickleball Professional Market Research Report, Analysis from Perspective of Segmentation (Competitor Landscape, Type, Application, and Geography)

SKU ID :Maia-19805597 | Published Date: 28-Dec-2021 | No. of pages: 110
Table of Content 1 Pickleball Market Overview 1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Pickleball 1.2 Pickleball Segment by Type 1.2.1 Global Pickleball Sales and CAGR (%) Comparison by Type (2017-2029) 1.2.2 The Market Profile of Apparel 1.2.3 The Market Profile of Footwear 1.2.4 The Market Profile of Paddles 1.2.5 The Market Profile of Balls 1.2.6 The Market Profile of Others 1.3 Global Pickleball Segment by Application 1.3.1 Pickleball Consumption (Sales) Comparison by Application (2017-2029) 1.3.2 The Market Profile of Online Channel 1.3.3 The Market Profile of Offline Channel 1.4 Global Pickleball Market, Region Wise (2017-2022) 1.4.1 Global Pickleball Market Size (Revenue) and CAGR (%) Comparison by Region (2017-2022) 1.4.2 United States Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.3 Europe Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.3.1 Germany Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.3.2 UK Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.3.3 France Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.3.4 Italy Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.3.5 Spain Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.3.6 Russia Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.3.7 Poland Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.4 China Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.5 Japan Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.6 India Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.7 Southeast Asia Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.7.1 Malaysia Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.7.2 Singapore Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.7.3 Philippines Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.7.4 Indonesia Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.7.5 Thailand Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.7.6 Vietnam Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.8 Latin America Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.8.1 Brazil Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.8.2 Mexico Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.8.3 Colombia Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.9 Middle East and Africa Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.9.1 Saudi Arabia Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.9.2 United Arab Emirates Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.9.3 Turkey Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.9.4 Egypt Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.9.5 South Africa Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.4.9.6 Nigeria Pickleball Market Status and Prospect (2017-2022) 1.5 Global Market Size of Pickleball (2017-2029) 1.5.1 Global Pickleball Revenue Status and Outlook (2017-2029) 1.5.2 Global Pickleball Sales Status and Outlook (2017-2029) 2 Global Pickleball Market Landscape by Player 2.1 Global Pickleball Sales and Share by Player (2017-2022) 2.2 Global Pickleball Revenue and Market Share by Player (2017-2022) 2.3 Global Pickleball Average Price by Player (2017-2022) 2.4 Global Pickleball Gross Margin by Player (2017-2022) 2.5 Pickleball Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area and Product Type by Player 2.6 Pickleball Market Competitive Situation and Trends 2.6.1 Pickleball Market Concentration Rate 2.6.2 Pickleball Market Share of Top 3 and Top 6 Players 2.6.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion 3 Pickleball Upstream and Downstream Analysis 3.1 Pickleball Industrial Chain Analysis 3.2 Key Raw Materials Suppliers and Price Analysis 3.3 Key Raw Materials Supply and Demand Analysis 3.4 Manufacturing Process Analysis 3.5 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials 3.6 Downstream Buyers 3.7 Value Chain Status Under COVID-18 4 Pickleball Manufacturing Cost Analysis 4.1 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis 4.2 Pickleball Key Raw Materials Cost Analysis 4.2.1 Key Raw Materials Introduction 4.2.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials 4.3 Labor Cost Analysis 4.3.1 Labor Cost of Pickleball Under COVID-19 4.4 Energy Costs Analysis 4.5 R&D Costs Analysis 5 Market Dynamics 5.1 Drivers 5.2 Restraints and Challenges 5.3 Opportunities 5.3.1 Advances in Innovation and Technology for Pickleball 5.3.2 Increased Demand in Emerging Markets 5.4 Pickleball Industry Development Trends under COVID-19 Outbreak 5.4.1 Global COVID-19 Status Overview 5.4.2 Influence of COVID-19 Outbreak on Pickleball Industry Development 5.5 Consumer Behavior Analysis 6 Players Profiles 6.1 Pickleball Inc 6.1.1 Pickleball Inc Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 6.1.2 Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification 6.1.3 Pickleball Inc Pickleball Market Performance (2017-2022) 6.1.4 Pickleball Inc Business Overview 6.2 Under Armour 6.2.1 Under Armour Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 6.2.2 Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification 6.2.3 Under Armour Pickleball Market Performance (2017-2022) 6.2.4 Under Armour Business Overview 6.3 Franklin Sports 6.3.1 Franklin Sports Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 6.3.2 Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification 6.3.3 Franklin Sports Pickleball Market Performance (2017-2022) 6.3.4 Franklin Sports Business Overview 6.4 Gamma Sports 6.4.1 Gamma Sports Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 6.4.2 Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification 6.4.3 Gamma Sports Pickleball Market Performance (2017-2022) 6.4.4 Gamma Sports Business Overview 6.5 Nike 6.5.1 Nike Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 6.5.2 Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification 6.5.3 Nike Pickleball Market Performance (2017-2022) 6.5.4 Nike Business Overview 6.6 FILA 6.6.1 FILA Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 6.6.2 Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification 6.6.3 FILA Pickleball Market Performance (2017-2022) 6.6.4 FILA Business Overview 6.7 New Balance 6.7.1 New Balance Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 6.7.2 Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification 6.7.3 New Balance Pickleball Market Performance (2017-2022) 6.7.4 New Balance Business Overview 6.8 Adidas 6.8.1 Adidas Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 6.8.2 Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification 6.8.3 Adidas Pickleball Market Performance (2017-2022) 6.8.4 Adidas Business Overview 6.9 K-Swiss 6.9.1 K-Swiss Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 6.9.2 Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification 6.9.3 K-Swiss Pickleball Market Performance (2017-2022) 6.9.4 K-Swiss Business Overview 6.10 Wilson 6.10.1 Wilson Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 6.10.2 Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification 6.10.3 Wilson Pickleball Market Performance (2017-2022) 6.10.4 Wilson Business Overview 6.11 Lacoste 6.11.1 Lacoste Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 6.11.2 Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification 6.11.3 Lacoste Pickleball Market Performance (2017-2022) 6.11.4 Lacoste Business Overview 6.12 Bolle 6.12.1 Bolle Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Competitors 6.12.2 Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification 6.12.3 Bolle Pickleball Market Performance (2017-2022) 6.12.4 Bolle Business Overview 7 Global Pickleball Sales and Revenue Region Wise (2017-2022) 7.1 Global Pickleball Sales and Market Share, Region Wise (2017-2022) 7.2 Global Pickleball Revenue (Revenue) and Market Share, Region Wise (2017-2022) 7.3 Global Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) 7.4 United States Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) 7.4.1 United States Pickleball Market Under COVID-19 7.5 Europe Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) 7.5.1 Europe Pickleball Market Under COVID-19 7.6 China Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) 7.6.1 China Pickleball Market Under COVID-19 7.7 Japan Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) 7.7.1 Japan Pickleball Market Under COVID-19 7.8 India Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) 7.8.1 India Pickleball Market Under COVID-19 7.9 Southeast Asia Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) 7.9.1 Southeast Asia Pickleball Market Under COVID-19 7.10 Latin America Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) 7.10.1 Latin America Pickleball Market Under COVID-19 7.11 Middle East and Africa Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) 7.11.1 Middle East and Africa Pickleball Market Under COVID-19 8 Global Pickleball Sales, Revenue (Revenue), Price Trend by Type 8.1 Global Pickleball Sales and Market Share by Type (2017-2022) 8.2 Global Pickleball Revenue and Market Share by Type (2017-2022) 8.3 Global Pickleball Price by Type (2017-2022) 8.4 Global Pickleball Sales Growth Rate by Type (2017-2022) 8.4.1 Global Pickleball Sales Growth Rate of Apparel (2017-2022) 8.4.2 Global Pickleball Sales Growth Rate of Footwear (2017-2022) 8.4.3 Global Pickleball Sales Growth Rate of Paddles (2017-2022) 8.4.4 Global Pickleball Sales Growth Rate of Balls (2017-2022) 8.4.5 Global Pickleball Sales Growth Rate of Others (2017-2022) 9 Global Pickleball Market Analysis by Application 9.1 Global Pickleball Consumption and Market Share by Application (2017-2022) 9.2 Global Pickleball Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2017-2022) 9.2.1 Global Pickleball Consumption Growth Rate of Online Channel (2017-2022) 9.2.2 Global Pickleball Consumption Growth Rate of Offline Channel (2017-2022) 10 Global Pickleball Market Forecast (2022-2029) 10.1 Global Pickleball Sales, Revenue Forecast (2022-2029) 10.1.1 Global Pickleball Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2029) 10.1.2 Global Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2029) 10.1.3 Global Pickleball Price and Trend Forecast (2022-2029) 10.2 Global Pickleball Sales and Revenue Forecast, Region Wise (2022-2029) 10.2.1 United States Pickleball Sales and Revenue Forecast (2022-2029) 10.2.2 Europe Pickleball Sales and Revenue Forecast (2022-2029) 10.2.3 China Pickleball Sales and Revenue Forecast (2022-2029) 10.2.4 Japan Pickleball Sales and Revenue Forecast (2022-2029) 10.2.5 India Pickleball Sales and Revenue Forecast (2022-2029) 10.2.6 Southeast Asia Pickleball Sales and Revenue Forecast (2022-2029) 10.2.7 Latin America Pickleball Sales and Revenue Forecast (2022-2029) 10.2.8 Middle East and Africa Pickleball Sales and Revenue Forecast (2022-2029) 10.3 Global Pickleball Sales, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2022-2029) 10.4 Global Pickleball Consumption Forecast by Application (2022-2029) 10.5 Pickleball Market Forecast Under COVID-19 11 Research Findings and Conclusion 12 Appendix 12.1 Methodology 12.2 Research Data Source
List of Tables and Figures Figure Pickleball Product Picture Table Global Pickleball Sales and CAGR (%) Comparison by Type Table Profile of Apparel Table Profile of Footwear Table Profile of Paddles Table Profile of Balls Table Profile of Others Table Pickleball Consumption (Sales) Comparison by Application (2017-2029) Table Profile of Online Channel Table Profile of Offline Channel Figure Global Pickleball Market Size (Revenue) and CAGR (%) (2017-2022) Figure United States Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Europe Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Germany Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure UK Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure France Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Italy Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Spain Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Russia Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Poland Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure China Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Japan Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure India Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Southeast Asia Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Malaysia Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Singapore Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Philippines Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Indonesia Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Thailand Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Vietnam Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Latin America Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Brazil Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Mexico Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Colombia Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Middle East and Africa Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Saudi Arabia Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure United Arab Emirates Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Turkey Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Egypt Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure South Africa Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Nigeria Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Sales Status and Outlook (2017-2029) Table Global Pickleball Sales by Player (2017-2022) Table Global Pickleball Sales Share by Player (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Sales Share by Player in 2021 Table Pickleball Revenue by Player (2017-2022) Table Pickleball Revenue Market Share by Player (2017-2022) Table Pickleball Price by Player (2017-2022) Table Pickleball Gross Margin by Player (2017-2022) Table Pickleball Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area by Player Table Pickleball Product Type by Player Table Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans Figure Pickleball Industrial Chain Analysis Table Key Raw Materials Suppliers and Price Analysis Figure Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials Table Downstream Buyers Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis Table Key Raw Materials Introduction of Pickleball Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials Figure Global COVID-19 Status Overview Table Influence of COVID-19 Outbreak on Pickleball Industry Development Table Pickleball Inc Profile Table Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification Table Pickleball Inc Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Figure Pickleball Inc Revenue and Growth Rate Figure Pickleball Inc Revenue Market Share 2017-2022 Table Under Armour Profile Table Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification Table Under Armour Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Figure Under Armour Revenue and Growth Rate Figure Under Armour Revenue Market Share 2017-2022 Table Franklin Sports Profile Table Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification Table Franklin Sports Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Figure Franklin Sports Revenue and Growth Rate Figure Franklin Sports Revenue Market Share 2017-2022 Table Gamma Sports Profile Table Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification Table Gamma Sports Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Figure Gamma Sports Revenue and Growth Rate Figure Gamma Sports Revenue Market Share 2017-2022 Table Nike Profile Table Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification Table Nike Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Figure Nike Revenue and Growth Rate Figure Nike Revenue Market Share 2017-2022 Table FILA Profile Table Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification Table FILA Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Figure FILA Revenue and Growth Rate Figure FILA Revenue Market Share 2017-2022 Table New Balance Profile Table Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification Table New Balance Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Figure New Balance Revenue and Growth Rate Figure New Balance Revenue Market Share 2017-2022 Table Adidas Profile Table Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification Table Adidas Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Figure Adidas Revenue and Growth Rate Figure Adidas Revenue Market Share 2017-2022 Table K-Swiss Profile Table Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification Table K-Swiss Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Figure K-Swiss Revenue and Growth Rate Figure K-Swiss Revenue Market Share 2017-2022 Table Wilson Profile Table Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification Table Wilson Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Figure Wilson Revenue and Growth Rate Figure Wilson Revenue Market Share 2017-2022 Table Lacoste Profile Table Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification Table Lacoste Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Figure Lacoste Revenue and Growth Rate Figure Lacoste Revenue Market Share 2017-2022 Table Bolle Profile Table Pickleball Product Profiles, Application and Specification Table Bolle Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Figure Bolle Revenue and Growth Rate Figure Bolle Revenue Market Share 2017-2022 Table Global Pickleball Sales, Region Wise (2017-2022) Table Global Pickleball Sales Market Share, Region Wise (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Sales Market Share, Region Wise (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Sales Market Share, Region Wise in 2021 Table Global Pickleball Revenue, Region Wise (2017-2022) Table Global Pickleball Revenue Market Share, Region Wise (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Revenue Market Share, Region Wise (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Revenue Market Share, Region Wise in 2021 Table Global Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Table United States Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Table Europe Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Table China Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Table Japan Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Table India Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Table Southeast Asia Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Table Latin America Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Table Middle East and Africa Pickleball Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022) Table Global Pickleball Sales by Type (2017-2022) Table Global Pickleball Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Sales Market Share by Type in 2022 Table Global Pickleball Revenue by Type (2017-2022) Table Global Pickleball Revenue Market Share by Type (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Revenue Market Share by Type in 2022 Table Pickleball Price by Type (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Sales Growth Rate of Apparel (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Sales Growth Rate of Footwear (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Sales Growth Rate of Paddles (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Sales Growth Rate of Balls (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Sales Growth Rate of Others (2017-2022) Table Global Pickleball Consumption by Application (2017-2022) Table Global Pickleball Consumption Market Share by Application (2017-2022) Table Global Pickleball Consumption of Online Channel (2017-2022) Table Global Pickleball Consumption of Offline Channel (2017-2022) Figure Global Pickleball Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2029) Figure Global Pickleball Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2029) Figure Global Pickleball Price and Trend Forecast (2022-2029) Figure USA Pickleball Market Sales and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure USA Pickleball Market Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure Europe Pickleball Market Sales and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure Europe Pickleball Market Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure China Pickleball Market Sales and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure China Pickleball Market Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure Japan Pickleball Market Sales and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure Japan Pickleball Market Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure India Pickleball Market Sales and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure India Pickleball Market Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure Southeast Asia Pickleball Market Sales and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure Southeast Asia Pickleball Market Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure Latin America Pickleball Market Sales and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure Latin America Pickleball Market Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure Middle East and Africa Pickleball Market Sales and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Figure Middle East and Africa Pickleball Market Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast Analysis (2022-2029) Table Global Pickleball Market Sales Forecast, by Type Table Global Pickleball Sales Volume Market Share Forecast, by Type Table Global Pickleball Market Revenue Forecast, by Type Table Global Pickleball Revenue Market Share Forecast, by Type Table Global Pickleball Price Forecast, by Type Table Global Pickleball Market Consumption Forecast, by Application Table Global Pickleball Consumption Volume Market Share Forecast, by Application Table Global Pickleball Market Revenue Forecast, by Application Table Global Pickleball Revenue Market Share Forecast, by Application Table Global Pickleball Price Forecast, by Application
  • PRICE
  • $2980
    $5960
    $3650
    Buy Now

Our Clients