1 Report Overview 1.1 Study Scope 1.2 Market Analysis by Type 1.2.1 Global Direct Marketing Services Market Size Growth Rate by Type: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 1.2.2 Direct Mail 1.2.3 Telemarketing 1.2.4 Email Marketing 1.2.5 Text (SMS) Marketing 1.2.6 Handouts 1.2.7 Social Media Marketing 1.2.8 Direct Selling 1.2.9 Others 1.3 Market by Application 1.3.1 Global Direct Marketing Services Market Growth by Application: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 1.3.2 Business to Business 1.3.3 Business to Government 1.3.4 Business to Consumers 1.3.5 Others 1.4 Study Objectives 1.5 Years Considered 1.6 Years Considered 2 Global Growth Trends 2.1 Global Direct Marketing Services Market Perspective (2018-2029) 2.2 Direct Marketing Services Growth Trends by Region 2.2.1 Global Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 2.2.2 Direct Marketing Services Historic Market Size by Region (2018-2023) 2.2.3 Direct Marketing Services Forecasted Market Size by Region (2024-2029) 2.3 Direct Marketing Services Market Dynamics 2.3.1 Direct Marketing Services Industry Trends 2.3.2 Direct Marketing Services Market Drivers 2.3.3 Direct Marketing Services Market Challenges 2.3.4 Direct Marketing Services Market Restraints 3 Competition Landscape by Key Players 3.1 Global Top Direct Marketing Services Players by Revenue 3.1.1 Global Top Direct Marketing Services Players by Revenue (2018-2023) 3.1.2 Global Direct Marketing Services Revenue Market Share by Players (2018-2023) 3.2 Global Direct Marketing Services Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) 3.3 Players Covered: Ranking by Direct Marketing Services Revenue 3.4 Global Direct Marketing Services Market Concentration Ratio 3.4.1 Global Direct Marketing Services Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI) 3.4.2 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by Direct Marketing Services Revenue in 2022 3.5 Direct Marketing Services Key Players Head office and Area Served 3.6 Key Players Direct Marketing Services Product Solution and Service 3.7 Date of Enter into Direct Marketing Services Market 3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans 4 Direct Marketing Services Breakdown Data by Type 4.1 Global Direct Marketing Services Historic Market Size by Type (2018-2023) 4.2 Global Direct Marketing Services Forecasted Market Size by Type (2024-2029) 5 Direct Marketing Services Breakdown Data by Application 5.1 Global Direct Marketing Services Historic Market Size by Application (2018-2023) 5.2 Global Direct Marketing Services Forecasted Market Size by Application (2024-2029) 6 North America 6.1 North America Direct Marketing Services Market Size (2018-2029) 6.2 North America Direct Marketing Services Market Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 6.3 North America Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2018-2023) 6.4 North America Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2024-2029) 6.5 United States 6.6 Canada 7 Europe 7.1 Europe Direct Marketing Services Market Size (2018-2029) 7.2 Europe Direct Marketing Services Market Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 7.3 Europe Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2018-2023) 7.4 Europe Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2024-2029) 7.5 Germany 7.6 France 7.7 U.K. 7.8 Italy 7.9 Russia 7.10 Nordic Countries 8 Asia-Pacific 8.1 Asia-Pacific Direct Marketing Services Market Size (2018-2029) 8.2 Asia-Pacific Direct Marketing Services Market Growth Rate by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 8.3 Asia-Pacific Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Region (2018-2023) 8.4 Asia-Pacific Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Region (2024-2029) 8.5 China 8.6 Japan 8.7 South Korea 8.8 Southeast Asia 8.9 India 8.10 Australia 9 Latin America 9.1 Latin America Direct Marketing Services Market Size (2018-2029) 9.2 Latin America Direct Marketing Services Market Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 9.3 Latin America Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2018-2023) 9.4 Latin America Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2024-2029) 9.5 Mexico 9.6 Brazil 10 Middle East & Africa 10.1 Middle East & Africa Direct Marketing Services Market Size (2018-2029) 10.2 Middle East & Africa Direct Marketing Services Market Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 10.3 Middle East & Africa Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2018-2023) 10.4 Middle East & Africa Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2024-2029) 10.5 Turkey 10.6 Saudi Arabia 10.7 UAE 11 Key Players Profiles 11.1 Rapp 11.1.1 Rapp Company Detail 11.1.2 Rapp Business Overview 11.1.3 Rapp Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.1.4 Rapp Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.1.5 Rapp Recent Development 11.2 Epsilon 11.2.1 Epsilon Company Detail 11.2.2 Epsilon Business Overview 11.2.3 Epsilon Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.2.4 Epsilon Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.2.5 Epsilon Recent Development 11.3 Wunderman 11.3.1 Wunderman Company Detail 11.3.2 Wunderman Business Overview 11.3.3 Wunderman Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.3.4 Wunderman Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.3.5 Wunderman Recent Development 11.4 FCB 11.4.1 FCB Company Detail 11.4.2 FCB Business Overview 11.4.3 FCB Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.4.4 FCB Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.4.5 FCB Recent Development 11.5 Acxiom 11.5.1 Acxiom Company Detail 11.5.2 Acxiom Business Overview 11.5.3 Acxiom Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.5.4 Acxiom Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.5.5 Acxiom Recent Development 11.6 Harte-Hanks Direct 11.6.1 Harte-Hanks Direct Company Detail 11.6.2 Harte-Hanks Direct Business Overview 11.6.3 Harte-Hanks Direct Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.6.4 Harte-Hanks Direct Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.6.5 Harte-Hanks Direct Recent Development 11.7 OgilvyOne 11.7.1 OgilvyOne Company Detail 11.7.2 OgilvyOne Business Overview 11.7.3 OgilvyOne Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.7.4 OgilvyOne Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.7.5 OgilvyOne Recent Development 11.8 Merkle 11.8.1 Merkle Company Detail 11.8.2 Merkle Business Overview 11.8.3 Merkle Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.8.4 Merkle Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.8.5 Merkle Recent Development 11.9 Harland Clarke Corp 11.9.1 Harland Clarke Corp Company Detail 11.9.2 Harland Clarke Corp Business Overview 11.9.3 Harland Clarke Corp Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.9.4 Harland Clarke Corp Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.9.5 Harland Clarke Corp Recent Development 11.10 MRM//McCann 11.10.1 MRM//McCann Company Detail 11.10.2 MRM//McCann Business Overview 11.10.3 MRM//McCann Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.10.4 MRM//McCann Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.10.5 MRM//McCann Recent Development 11.11 DigitasLBi 11.11.1 DigitasLBi Company Detail 11.11.2 DigitasLBi Business Overview 11.11.3 DigitasLBi Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.11.4 DigitasLBi Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.11.5 DigitasLBi Recent Development 11.12 Aimia 11.12.1 Aimia Company Detail 11.12.2 Aimia Business Overview 11.12.3 Aimia Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.12.4 Aimia Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.12.5 Aimia Recent Development 11.13 SourceLink 11.13.1 SourceLink Company Detail 11.13.2 SourceLink Business Overview 11.13.3 SourceLink Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.13.4 SourceLink Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.13.5 SourceLink Recent Development 11.14 BBDO 11.14.1 BBDO Company Detail 11.14.2 BBDO Business Overview 11.14.3 BBDO Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.14.4 BBDO Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.14.5 BBDO Recent Development 11.15 SapientNitro 11.15.1 SapientNitro Company Detail 11.15.2 SapientNitro Business Overview 11.15.3 SapientNitro Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.15.4 SapientNitro Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.15.5 SapientNitro Recent Development 11.16 Leo Burnett 11.16.1 Leo Burnett Company Detail 11.16.2 Leo Burnett Business Overview 11.16.3 Leo Burnett Direct Marketing Services Introduction 11.16.4 Leo Burnett Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) 11.16.5 Leo Burnett Recent Development 12 Analyst's Viewpoints/Conclusions 13 Appendix 13.1 Research Methodology 13.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach 13.1.2 Data Source 13.2 Disclaimer 13.3 Author Details

List of Tables Table 1. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Size Growth Rate by Type (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 Table 2. Key Players of Direct Mail Table 3. Key Players of Telemarketing Table 4. Key Players of Email Marketing Table 5. Key Players of Text (SMS) Marketing Table 6. Key Players of Handouts Table 7. Key Players of Social Media Marketing Table 8. Key Players of Direct Selling Table 9. Key Players of Others Table 10. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Size Growth by Application (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 Table 11. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 Table 12. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Region (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 13. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Share by Region (2018-2023) Table 14. Global Direct Marketing Services Forecasted Market Size by Region (2024-2029) & (US$ Million) Table 15. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Share by Region (2024-2029) Table 16. Direct Marketing Services Market Trends Table 17. Direct Marketing Services Market Drivers Table 18. Direct Marketing Services Market Challenges Table 19. Direct Marketing Services Market Restraints Table 20. Global Direct Marketing Services Revenue by Players (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 21. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Share by Players (2018-2023) Table 22. Global Top Direct Marketing Services Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Direct Marketing Services as of 2022) Table 23. Ranking of Global Top Direct Marketing Services Companies by Revenue (US$ Million) in 2022 Table 24. Global 5 Largest Players Market Share by Direct Marketing Services Revenue (CR5 and HHI) & (2018-2023) Table 25. Key Players Headquarters and Area Served Table 26. Key Players Direct Marketing Services Product Solution and Service Table 27. Date of Enter into Direct Marketing Services Market Table 28. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans Table 29. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Type (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 30. Global Direct Marketing Services Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2023) Table 31. Global Direct Marketing Services Forecasted Market Size by Type (2024-2029) & (US$ Million) Table 32. Global Direct Marketing Services Revenue Market Share by Type (2024-2029) Table 33. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Application (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 34. Global Direct Marketing Services Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2023) Table 35. Global Direct Marketing Services Forecasted Market Size by Application (2024-2029) & (US$ Million) Table 36. Global Direct Marketing Services Revenue Market Share by Application (2024-2029) Table 37. North America Direct Marketing Services Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 Table 38. North America Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 39. North America Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2024-2029) & (US$ Million) Table 40. Europe Direct Marketing Services Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 Table 41. Europe Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 42. Europe Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2024-2029) & (US$ Million) Table 43. Asia-Pacific Direct Marketing Services Market Size Growth Rate by Region (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 Table 44. Asia-Pacific Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Region (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 45. Asia-Pacific Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Region (2024-2029) & (US$ Million) Table 46. Latin America Direct Marketing Services Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 Table 47. Latin America Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 48. Latin America Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2024-2029) & (US$ Million) Table 49. Middle East & Africa Direct Marketing Services Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 Table 50. Middle East & Africa Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 51. Middle East & Africa Direct Marketing Services Market Size by Country (2024-2029) & (US$ Million) Table 52. Rapp Company Detail Table 53. Rapp Business Overview Table 54. Rapp Direct Marketing Services Product Table 55. Rapp Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 56. Rapp Recent Development Table 57. Epsilon Company Detail Table 58. Epsilon Business Overview Table 59. Epsilon Direct Marketing Services Product Table 60. Epsilon Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 61. Epsilon Recent Development Table 62. Wunderman Company Detail Table 63. Wunderman Business Overview Table 64. Wunderman Direct Marketing Services Product Table 65. Wunderman Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 66. Wunderman Recent Development Table 67. FCB Company Detail Table 68. FCB Business Overview Table 69. FCB Direct Marketing Services Product Table 70. FCB Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 71. FCB Recent Development Table 72. Acxiom Company Detail Table 73. Acxiom Business Overview Table 74. Acxiom Direct Marketing Services Product Table 75. Acxiom Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 76. Acxiom Recent Development Table 77. Harte-Hanks Direct Company Detail Table 78. Harte-Hanks Direct Business Overview Table 79. Harte-Hanks Direct Direct Marketing Services Product Table 80. Harte-Hanks Direct Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 81. Harte-Hanks Direct Recent Development Table 82. OgilvyOne Company Detail Table 83. OgilvyOne Business Overview Table 84. OgilvyOne Direct Marketing Services Product Table 85. OgilvyOne Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 86. OgilvyOne Recent Development Table 87. Merkle Company Detail Table 88. Merkle Business Overview Table 89. Merkle Direct Marketing Services Product Table 90. Merkle Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 91. Merkle Recent Development Table 92. Harland Clarke Corp Company Detail Table 93. Harland Clarke Corp Business Overview Table 94. Harland Clarke Corp Direct Marketing Services Product Table 95. Harland Clarke Corp Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 96. Harland Clarke Corp Recent Development Table 97. MRM//McCann Company Detail Table 98. MRM//McCann Business Overview Table 99. MRM//McCann Direct Marketing Services Product Table 100. MRM//McCann Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 101. MRM//McCann Recent Development Table 102. DigitasLBi Company Detail Table 103. DigitasLBi Business Overview Table 104. DigitasLBi Direct Marketing Services Product Table 105. DigitasLBi Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 106. DigitasLBi Recent Development Table 107. Aimia Company Detail Table 108. Aimia Business Overview Table 109. Aimia Direct Marketing Services Product Table 110. Aimia Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 111. Aimia Recent Development Table 112. SourceLink Company Detail Table 113. SourceLink Business Overview Table 114. SourceLink Direct Marketing Services Product Table 115. SourceLink Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 116. SourceLink Recent Development Table 117. BBDO Company Detail Table 118. BBDO Business Overview Table 119. BBDO Direct Marketing Services Product Table 120. BBDO Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 121. BBDO Recent Development Table 122. SapientNitro Company Detail Table 123. SapientNitro Business Overview Table 124. SapientNitro Direct Marketing Services Product Table 125. SapientNitro Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 126. SapientNitro Recent Development Table 127. Leo Burnett Company Detail Table 128. Leo Burnett Business Overview Table 129. Leo Burnett Direct Marketing Services Product Table 130. Leo Burnett Revenue in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) & (US$ Million) Table 131. Leo Burnett Recent Development Table 132. Research Programs/Design for This Report Table 133. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources Table 134. Key Data Information from Primary Sources List of Figures Figure 1. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Size Comparison by Type (2023-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 2. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Share by Type: 2022 VS 2029 Figure 3. Direct Mail Features Figure 4. Telemarketing Features Figure 5. Email Marketing Features Figure 6. Text (SMS) Marketing Features Figure 7. Handouts Features Figure 8. Social Media Marketing Features Figure 9. Direct Selling Features Figure 10. Others Features Figure 11. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Size Comparison by Application (2023-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 12. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Share by Application: 2022 VS 2029 Figure 13. Business to Business Case Studies Figure 14. Business to Government Case Studies Figure 15. Business to Consumers Case Studies Figure 16. Others Case Studies Figure 17. Direct Marketing Services Report Years Considered Figure 18. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Size (US$ Million), Year-over-Year: 2018-2029 Figure 19. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Size, (US$ Million), 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029 Figure 20. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Share by Region: 2022 VS 2029 Figure 21. Global Direct Marketing Services Market Share by Players in 2022 Figure 22. Global Top Direct Marketing Services Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Direct Marketing Services as of 2022) Figure 23. The Top 10 and 5 Players Market Share by Direct Marketing Services Revenue in 2022 Figure 24. North America Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 25. North America Direct Marketing Services Market Share by Country (2018-2029) Figure 26. United States Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 27. Canada Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 28. Europe Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 29. Europe Direct Marketing Services Market Share by Country (2018-2029) Figure 30. Germany Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 31. France Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 32. U.K. Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 33. Italy Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 34. Russia Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 35. Nordic Countries Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 36. Asia-Pacific Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 37. Asia-Pacific Direct Marketing Services Market Share by Region (2018-2029) Figure 38. China Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 39. Japan Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 40. South Korea Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 41. Southeast Asia Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 42. India Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 43. Australia Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 44. Latin America Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 45. Latin America Direct Marketing Services Market Share by Country (2018-2029) Figure 46. Mexico Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 47. Brazil Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 48. Middle East & Africa Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 49. Middle East & Africa Direct Marketing Services Market Share by Country (2018-2029) Figure 50. Turkey Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 51. Saudi Arabia Direct Marketing Services Market Size YoY Growth (2018-2029) & (US$ Million) Figure 52. Rapp Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 53. Epsilon Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 54. Wunderman Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 55. FCB Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 56. Acxiom Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 57. Harte-Hanks Direct Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 58. OgilvyOne Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 59. Merkle Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 60. Harland Clarke Corp Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 61. MRM//McCann Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 62. DigitasLBi Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 63. Aimia Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 64. SourceLink Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 65. BBDO Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 66. SapientNitro Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 67. Leo Burnett Revenue Growth Rate in Direct Marketing Services Business (2018-2023) Figure 68. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report Figure 69. Data Triangulation Figure 70. Key Executives Interviewed

Rapp Epsilon Wunderman FCB Acxiom Harte-Hanks Direct OgilvyOne Merkle Harland Clarke Corp MRM//McCann DigitasLBi Aimia SourceLink BBDO SapientNitro Leo Burnett