Irrigation Automation System Market Size, Share, Growth, and Industry Analysis, By Type (By Types (Automatic,Semi-automatic), By Applications (Farm,Greehouse,Turf and Landscape,Golf Courses,Other) ), By Application (AAA), Regional Insights and Forecast to 2035

Irrigation Automation System Market Overview

Global Irrigation Automation System Market size is projected at USD 4019.6  million in 2026 and is expected to hit USD 8170.12 million by 2035 with a CAGR of 8.2%.

The Irrigation Automation System Market is expanding as precision agriculture technologies become essential for commercial farming, greenhouse cultivation, and landscaping operations. Automated irrigation controllers, soil moisture sensors, weather-based controllers, and remote monitoring platforms are increasingly deployed across row crops, orchards, and horticulture farms. More than 40% of modern commercial farms in developed agricultural economies already utilize at least one form of smart irrigation device. 

The United States represents a technologically mature irrigation automation deployment environment. Over 55 million acres of farmland rely on irrigation systems, and nearly 60% of high-value crops such as almonds, pistachios, grapes, and vegetables operate with some level of automated scheduling. Western states account for more than 75% of irrigated acreage, particularly California, Nebraska, and Texas. Smart controllers and soil moisture probes are used on approximately 35% of golf courses and 45% of commercial landscaping projects. In greenhouse farming, automated irrigation equipment penetration exceeds 65% across controlled-environment agriculture facilities. 

Download Free Sample to learn more about this report.

Key Findings

• Key Market Driver: 68% adoption increase, 52% efficiency improvement, 47% water savings, 39% operational optimization, 41% crop yield improvement
• Major Market Restraint: 44% high installation cost, 36% farmer budget constraints, 29% technical skill gap, 33% maintenance expenses, 27% compatibility limitations
• Emerging Trends: 58% IoT integration, 49% cloud monitoring usage, 46% mobile control adoption, 38% AI-based scheduling, 42% sensor-based irrigation deployment
• Regional Leadership: 34% North America share, 28% Asia-Pacific share, 22% Europe share, 9% Latin America share, 7% Middle East & Africa share
• Competitive Landscape: 55% organized players, 32% regional manufacturers, 21% startup participation, 48% product innovation activity, 36% partnership expansion
• Market Segmentation: 45% agriculture farms, 24% greenhouse cultivation, 18% golf courses, 13% residential landscaping, 40% sensor-based systems share
• Recent Development: 51% wireless controller launches, 43% AI software upgrades, 37% remote irrigation monitoring deployment, 34% smart valve introductions, 29% integration platforms

Irrigation Automation System Market Latest Trends

The Irrigation Automation System Market Analysis shows rapid adoption of Internet of Things-enabled irrigation controllers connected through cellular, LoRaWAN, and satellite telemetry. Approximately 70% of newly installed irrigation systems in commercial greenhouses now include automated timers and environmental sensors. Soil moisture sensors are capable of measuring volumetric water content within 2% accuracy and are installed at multiple depths between 10 cm and 60 cm. Weather-based irrigation scheduling tools analyze evapotranspiration rates, which typically range between 3 mm and 8 mm per day in major crop-producing regions. 

Precision irrigation mapping has also expanded, with GPS-based irrigation zoning improving water distribution uniformity from 60% to over 85%. Agricultural cooperatives are deploying central control stations managing up to 2,000 irrigation nodes simultaneously. The Irrigation Automation System Market Insights reveal growing deployment in vineyards and orchards where each tree row can be monitored individually. Greenhouse facilities now operate automated fertigation systems delivering nutrient solutions at concentrations between 150 ppm and 250 ppm. 

Irrigation Automation System Market Dynamics

DRIVER

"Water conservation and precision agriculture demand"

Agriculture consumes approximately 70% of global freshwater withdrawals, and traditional flood irrigation wastes nearly 40% to 50% of applied water through runoff and evaporation. Automated irrigation systems reduce water consumption by up to 45% while maintaining crop moisture thresholds between 18% and 30% soil water content. Commercial farms using automated drip irrigation demonstrate yield improvements of 20% to 25% in fruit crops and 15% in vegetable crops. Governments across multiple agricultural economies are implementing irrigation efficiency mandates targeting water savings above 30%, accelerating adoption of automated irrigation controllers, pressure sensors, and weather-responsive scheduling platforms across large farms exceeding 200 hectares.

RESTRAINTS

"High capital investment and technical complexity"

Installation of a complete automated irrigation network requires controllers, sensors, communication modules, and control valves. Large farms may need 80 to 150 sensor nodes across a 500-acre operation. Hardware deployment involves wiring, telemetry towers, and pump retrofitting. Maintenance cycles for sensors occur every 12 to 18 months and calibration every 6 months. In regions where average farm size is under 5 hectares, adoption remains limited due to initial equipment cost, infrastructure gaps, and lack of trained technicians. Connectivity issues in rural areas also impact remote monitoring reliability where network availability remains below 65% coverage.

OPPORTUNITY

"Smart farming and data-driven irrigation management"

Smart agriculture platforms now integrate satellite imagery and weather forecasting to optimize irrigation cycles. Satellite data can detect crop stress with thermal imaging resolution below 5 meters. Farmers can monitor field temperature variations exceeding 2°C to determine irrigation timing. Automated fertigation units precisely deliver nutrient doses at programmed intervals, improving fertilizer use efficiency by nearly 25%. Vertical farming facilities and hydroponic systems operate irrigation cycles every 20 to 45 minutes, controlled by cloud-connected platforms. Increasing urban agriculture, protected cultivation, and greenhouse vegetable production creates strong opportunities for advanced irrigation automation technologies.

CHALLENGE

"Interoperability and system integration limitations"

Many irrigation automation devices operate on proprietary communication protocols, making integration between sensors, pumps, and controllers difficult. Farms using equipment from multiple manufacturers face compatibility conflicts across wireless frequencies and data formats. Software platforms may not synchronize flow meters, weather stations, and fertigation pumps simultaneously. Data storage and analytics platforms must process thousands of readings per hour for large farms with more than 1,000 irrigation points. Cybersecurity risks are also emerging as connected irrigation networks become accessible through mobile applications and remote dashboards, requiring secure authentication and encrypted data transmission standards.

Irrigation Automation System Market Segmentation

The Irrigation Automation System Market segmentation divides demand across system type and end-use applications. Automatic and semi-automatic control platforms are adopted based on farm size, water availability, and monitoring requirements. Application adoption varies widely, with large farms installing multi-sensor irrigation scheduling, while greenhouses prioritize fertigation accuracy and climate control integration. Turf, landscape, and golf facilities implement weather-based controllers to maintain soil moisture between 20% and 35% volumetric levels. Increasing use of wireless valve control units, soil probes, and remote dashboards enables centralized irrigation management across multiple irrigation zones and geographic locations within single operational networks.

Download Free Sample to learn more about this report.

BY TYPE

Automatic: Automatic irrigation automation systems operate with minimal human intervention and are driven by sensors, telemetry networks, and programmed scheduling algorithms. These systems measure soil moisture at multiple depths such as 15 cm, 30 cm, and 60 cm and trigger irrigation when moisture levels drop below predefined thresholds, often around 18% to 25% volumetric water content. Weather-based controllers calculate evapotranspiration using temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation inputs. Modern controllers can manage over 120 irrigation zones simultaneously across fields exceeding 300 hectares. Wireless communication modules transmit data every 10 to 30 minutes, enabling continuous monitoring of pump pressure and water flow. Automatic irrigation solutions improve water distribution uniformity to more than 85% compared with approximately 60% in manual irrigation practices. 

Semi-automatic: Semi-automatic irrigation automation systems combine manual supervision with programmable controllers. Operators initiate irrigation cycles, while timers and sensors regulate duration and water flow rates. These systems typically operate in farms ranging from 2 hectares to 25 hectares where full automation is not economically feasible. Soil moisture sensors may be installed at a single depth, commonly 20 cm, providing sufficient data to determine irrigation timing. Farmers manually adjust irrigation intervals between 2 and 5 days depending on crop water demand and soil texture. Semi-automatic systems maintain flow rates between 10 and 40 liters per minute using pressure-regulated valves. Compared with fully manual irrigation, water savings can reach approximately 20% to 30% due to controlled application. 

BY APPLICATION

Farm: Agricultural farms represent the largest implementation segment of irrigation automation systems due to extensive water demand and crop yield dependency on precise irrigation scheduling. Large farms deploy drip irrigation pipelines spanning more than 10 kilometers with emitter spacing between 20 cm and 50 cm depending on crop type. Soil moisture sensors monitor water content across different zones, ensuring optimal soil moisture levels near 22% for cereals and 28% for fruit crops. Automated irrigation reduces overwatering and prevents nutrient leaching beyond root zones. Farms cultivating crops such as corn, soybean, and vegetables utilize pressure regulators maintaining water flow between 1.8 and 3.2 bar to protect plant roots. Irrigation automation systems also integrate flow meters capable of recording thousands of liters per hour and alerting operators if deviations exceed 10%. 

Greenhouse: Greenhouse cultivation requires highly accurate irrigation timing because plants grow in controlled environments using substrates such as coco peat, rock wool, and hydroponic channels. Automated irrigation systems deliver water in short pulses lasting 2 to 5 minutes multiple times per day. Moisture sensors monitor substrate saturation levels typically maintained between 60% and 80% to prevent plant stress. Climate-controlled greenhouses also integrate humidity and temperature sensors, enabling irrigation adjustment according to internal environmental conditions. Fertigation tanks inject nutrient solutions with electrical conductivity values ranging from 1.5 to 3.0 mS/cm. Large commercial greenhouse operations include thousands of drip emitters operating simultaneously with flow rates between 1 and 4 liters per hour. 

Turf and Landscape: Turf and landscape irrigation automation is widely used in parks, residential complexes, commercial properties, and sports grounds. Sprinkler systems distribute water over large grass areas using rotating nozzles with spray radii between 4 meters and 15 meters. Weather-based irrigation controllers adjust watering schedules according to rainfall, wind speed, and temperature data. Soil moisture sensors placed under turf monitor moisture levels around 18% to 24%, preventing overwatering and root damage. Automated systems operate early morning or night to reduce evaporation losses which can exceed 30% during daytime watering. Landscape installations often include multiple irrigation zones controlling trees, shrubs, and lawns separately. Flow sensors detect pipe breaks and automatically shut off valves to prevent water wastage. 

Other: Other applications include nurseries, research farms, botanical gardens, and municipal roadside plantations. Plant nurseries cultivate thousands of seedlings in trays where irrigation must be applied frequently but in small quantities. Mist irrigation systems spray fine droplets every 20 to 40 minutes to maintain humidity near 70% and prevent plant dehydration. Research institutions use automated irrigation platforms to study plant growth patterns under controlled watering regimes. Botanical gardens utilize zone-based irrigation to manage diverse plant species requiring different water volumes. Municipal roadside plantations rely on automated drip lines delivering small water doses directly to plant roots to minimize evaporation. Water tanks connected to solar-powered pumps supply irrigation in remote locations without electricity. 

Irrigation Automation System Market Regional Outlook

The Irrigation Automation System Market Outlook shows geographically diverse adoption patterns driven by climate conditions, water regulations, and agricultural intensity. North America accounts for approximately 34% of total deployment due to large mechanized farms and high irrigation coverage. Asia-Pacific holds nearly 28% share supported by expanding food demand and water conservation initiatives. Europe contributes around 22% share with strict water management policies and greenhouse farming expansion. Middle East & Africa represent about 10% share due to arid climates and desalination-supported irrigation. 

Download Free Sample to learn more about this report.

NORTH AMERICA

North America represents the largest regional share of the Irrigation Automation System Market, accounting for approximately 34% of global installations. The region has over 65 million irrigated acres, and a significant proportion of high-value crops depend on precision irrigation scheduling. The United States and Canada operate large mechanized farms often exceeding 200 hectares, where automated irrigation controllers manage thousands of valves simultaneously. Center pivot irrigation systems, widely used in corn and soybean production, commonly span 400 to 500 meters in radius and now integrate GPS-guided watering patterns. Soil moisture monitoring devices are installed at multiple field depths ranging from 15 cm to 75 cm, providing continuous water availability data. Western agricultural states rely heavily on irrigation because rainfall remains below 400 mm annually across large agricultural belts. Automated drip irrigation systems deliver controlled flow rates of 2 to 6 liters per hour per emitter to orchards such as almonds, apples, and citrus crops. 

EUROPE

Europe holds approximately 22% of the Irrigation Automation System Market share, driven by strong environmental regulations and extensive greenhouse agriculture. Southern European countries depend heavily on irrigation due to Mediterranean climate patterns with rainfall often below 500 mm annually during growing seasons. Precision irrigation is increasingly adopted in vineyards, olive plantations, and horticultural farms. Greenhouse cultivation covers millions of square meters where automated irrigation cycles run multiple times daily using fertigation systems delivering controlled nutrient concentrations between 150 ppm and 220 ppm. Farmers use soil moisture probes and climate sensors connected to centralized farm management platforms. Weather-responsive irrigation scheduling adjusts watering frequency based on evapotranspiration measurements ranging from 2 mm to 6 mm per day. Agricultural cooperatives operate shared irrigation reservoirs and automated pumping stations capable of supplying thousands of cubic meters of water daily to distributed farms. Municipal landscaping and public gardens widely deploy automated sprinkler systems operating at night to reduce evaporation. 

GERMANY Irrigation Automation System Market

Germany accounts for nearly 5% of the global Irrigation Automation System Market share within the European region. Although rainfall is higher compared with Mediterranean countries, seasonal drought events and rising temperatures have increased irrigation requirements for vegetable cultivation and specialty crops. Commercial vegetable farms utilize drip irrigation pipelines spaced between 30 cm and 40 cm to optimize root zone moisture distribution. Soil sensors installed at depths near 20 cm provide data to programmable irrigation controllers. Greenhouse cultivation plays a major role in Germany’s irrigation automation adoption. Controlled environment agriculture facilities operate automated fertigation units delivering nutrient solutions multiple times daily. Automated irrigation maintains consistent substrate moisture levels near 70% saturation to support uniform plant growth. Municipal green spaces and sports grounds increasingly implement automated irrigation scheduling to manage turf health efficiently. Water meters and digital control systems monitor consumption and prevent excessive watering. Research institutions and experimental farms also use automated irrigation systems to study crop responses to controlled moisture levels. 

UNITED KINGDOM Irrigation Automation System Market

The United Kingdom contributes roughly 4% share of the global Irrigation Automation System Market. Irrigation demand primarily arises from vegetable farming, potato cultivation, and commercial horticulture. Farms often install sprinkler irrigation systems covering large fields with spray radii between 12 and 18 meters. Automated controllers schedule irrigation overnight to reduce evaporation and improve water efficiency. Soil moisture sensors are commonly installed to maintain soil moisture near 20% to 25% for root crops. Greenhouse horticulture is expanding, particularly in controlled vegetable production where automated drip irrigation operates multiple short cycles daily. Climate sensors inside greenhouses regulate watering according to humidity and temperature. Landscaped commercial properties and sports fields increasingly use programmable irrigation controllers to manage watering schedules during dry summer months. Many installations include rain shutoff devices that stop irrigation when rainfall is detected. Water resource management policies encourage efficient irrigation usage, and monitoring equipment records flow rates and irrigation duration. 

ASIA-PACIFIC

Asia-Pacific represents approximately 28% of the Irrigation Automation System Market share and shows rapid expansion due to agricultural intensification and water conservation programs. The region contains a large share of the world’s irrigated farmland with millions of hectares dependent on canal irrigation and groundwater pumping. Countries are promoting micro-irrigation systems such as drip and sprinkler irrigation to reduce water losses exceeding 35% in conventional methods. Automated irrigation controllers are increasingly installed in rice, sugarcane, and vegetable farms where water application must be carefully scheduled. Soil moisture sensors measure field water content and activate irrigation pumps automatically when moisture falls below crop requirement thresholds. Governments promote solar-powered irrigation pumps integrated with automation controllers, allowing irrigation in remote areas without grid electricity. Greenhouse farming and protected cultivation are expanding in urban and peri-urban zones, driving demand for automated fertigation and environmental monitoring. Large plantation crops including tea, fruits, and horticultural produce utilize centralized irrigation management systems capable of monitoring multiple fields simultaneously. 

JAPAN Irrigation Automation System Market

Japan contributes around 3% of the global Irrigation Automation System Market share. Agricultural landholdings are relatively small, but highly technology-oriented. Automated irrigation is widely used in greenhouse vegetable production and rice paddies. Paddy irrigation systems employ water level sensors to maintain standing water depth typically between 5 cm and 10 cm. Controllers automatically open or close water gates to maintain the required level. Greenhouse farms rely on drip irrigation systems with precise water dosing several times per day. Environmental control systems integrate irrigation with temperature and humidity monitoring. Automated fertigation ensures nutrient balance for crops such as tomatoes and strawberries grown in controlled environments. Urban rooftop farming and vertical agriculture also use compact irrigation controllers connected to cloud-based monitoring platforms. Japanese farms often use compact pumps and low-pressure irrigation lines operating near 1.5 bar pressure. Remote monitoring applications allow operators to supervise irrigation even in mountainous farming areas. Water conservation initiatives and aging agricultural workforce encourage automation adoption, reducing manual fieldwork while maintaining crop productivity and quality.

CHINA Irrigation Automation System Market

China accounts for approximately 12% of the global Irrigation Automation System Market share and represents one of the fastest expanding installations. The country manages extensive irrigated farmland where traditional irrigation previously resulted in water losses exceeding 40%. Drip irrigation pipelines are increasingly installed across orchards and vegetable farms, with emitters spaced 30 cm apart to optimize water distribution. Government-supported agricultural modernization programs encourage adoption of sensor-based irrigation controllers. Soil moisture monitoring devices measure volumetric water content across different soil layers and activate pumps automatically. Large agricultural cooperatives operate centralized irrigation control centers capable of managing multiple villages’ irrigation networks. Solar-powered pumping stations integrated with automation systems support irrigation in remote rural areas. Greenhouse vegetable production is expanding rapidly, and automated fertigation systems maintain nutrient concentration and watering frequency for year-round cultivation. Weather monitoring stations collect data used to calculate irrigation schedules and prevent over-watering. Urban landscaping and afforestation programs also utilize automated irrigation pipelines supplying controlled water volumes to roadside plantations and urban green zones.

MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA

The Middle East & Africa region accounts for approximately 10% of the Irrigation Automation System Market share due to arid climate conditions and water scarcity. Annual rainfall in many areas remains below 250 mm, making irrigation essential for agriculture. Drip irrigation systems dominate because they minimize evaporation losses in hot climates where daytime temperatures exceed 40°C. Automated irrigation controllers schedule watering during night hours to further reduce evaporation. Desalinated water and groundwater sources are often used for irrigation, and automated monitoring systems regulate water distribution carefully to prevent waste. Farms cultivate crops such as dates, vegetables, and greenhouse produce using precision irrigation networks. Soil moisture sensors maintain optimal root zone moisture to support plant survival under harsh environmental conditions. Greenhouse agriculture is rapidly expanding in desert regions, utilizing climate-controlled structures and automated fertigation systems delivering water multiple times daily. Large landscaping projects in urban areas depend on centralized irrigation systems managing thousands of sprinklers. Remote monitoring platforms track water usage and detect leaks immediately. Adoption of solar-powered irrigation pumps supports off-grid agricultural development. Increasing investment in food security and water management infrastructure continues to expand irrigation automation deployment across the region.

List of Key Irrigation Automation System Market Companies

• Netafim
• Jain Irrigation Systems
• Valmont Industries
• The Toro Company
• Orbit Irrigation
• Lindsay Corporation
• Hunter Industries
• Rain Bird
• Weathermatic
• HydroPoint Data Systems
• Scotts
• Nelson Irrigation
• Calsense
• Galcon
• Rubicon Water
• Irritec Corporate
• Mottech

Top Two Companies with Highest Share

• Netafim: holds approximately 14% global deployment share supported by drip irrigation installations across more than 110 countries and large-scale agricultural automation adoption exceeding 45% among commercial orchards.
• The Toro Company: maintains nearly 11% market share driven by strong penetration in turf irrigation systems with controller adoption across over 50% of commercial golf course irrigation facilities.

Investment Analysis and Opportunities

The Irrigation Automation System Market Analysis shows increasing capital allocation toward precision agriculture technologies as water management becomes critical for crop productivity. Nearly 62% of agribusiness operators plan to deploy sensor-based irrigation monitoring to reduce water consumption, while approximately 48% of agricultural cooperatives are upgrading legacy irrigation controllers to connected platforms. Investments are primarily focused on soil moisture sensors, wireless communication modules, and cloud-based irrigation dashboards. In large farms exceeding 150 hectares, automation adoption improves water utilization efficiency by nearly 40%, encouraging farm operators to shift toward automated irrigation management. Additionally, around 35% of government-backed agricultural programs now include subsidies supporting micro-irrigation and automated irrigation equipment deployment.

Opportunity growth is particularly visible in protected agriculture, where more than 55% of newly built greenhouses integrate automated fertigation and irrigation scheduling systems. Urban landscaping and municipal green infrastructure projects are adopting centralized irrigation control, with nearly 43% of city parks implementing weather-based irrigation controllers. Solar-powered irrigation automation is also emerging, especially in off-grid agricultural regions, where nearly 37% of installations use photovoltaic pump operation combined with automated valve systems. Integration of satellite imaging with irrigation scheduling platforms allows crop stress detection improvements of approximately 30%, enabling predictive irrigation. As water scarcity intensifies, irrigation automation investments continue expanding across farms, sports facilities, and horticultural operations.

New Products Development

Manufacturers are increasingly developing intelligent irrigation controllers capable of real-time environmental monitoring. Approximately 52% of newly introduced systems incorporate wireless connectivity allowing operators to monitor irrigation activity remotely. Modern controllers include multi-zone control features capable of managing over 100 irrigation zones simultaneously. Soil moisture probes with measurement accuracy near 2% volumetric water content are being deployed widely. Integration of rain sensors, flow sensors, and pressure sensors into single controller units has improved leak detection capability by nearly 28%, reducing water loss significantly in commercial farming environments.

Recent innovations also include AI-based irrigation scheduling platforms that analyze temperature, humidity, and evapotranspiration data to optimize watering intervals. Nearly 46% of newly launched systems include smartphone-based monitoring applications with push notifications for abnormal flow detection. Battery-powered wireless valve controllers capable of operating for over 18 months without replacement are gaining adoption. Fertigation units now allow programmable nutrient dosing cycles, improving fertilizer utilization efficiency by roughly 25%. Manufacturers are also developing modular systems enabling easy upgrades from semi-automatic to fully automated irrigation operations.

Five Recent Developments

• Smart Controller Integration: In 2024, manufacturers introduced weather-adaptive irrigation controllers capable of adjusting watering schedules based on real-time environmental data, reducing over-irrigation incidents by approximately 34% and improving soil moisture stability across large farms.
• Wireless Sensor Expansion: A new generation of soil moisture sensors deployed across agricultural fields increased monitoring coverage by nearly 41%, allowing real-time soil water measurement at multiple depths and improving irrigation timing accuracy significantly.
• AI Irrigation Scheduling Platforms: Companies launched predictive irrigation software using environmental analytics that improved water efficiency by about 29% and enabled automated decision-making based on crop water demand and weather patterns.
• Solar Powered Irrigation Systems: Several manufacturers introduced solar-driven automated pumping units supporting off-grid agriculture, enabling irrigation operations in remote regions and increasing irrigation accessibility by nearly 32%.
• Leak Detection Flow Monitoring: Advanced flow meter technology released in 2024 identified small pipeline leaks under 3 liters per minute and automatically shut valves, reducing water wastage by approximately 26% across irrigation networks.

Report Coverage Of Irrigation Automation System Market

The Irrigation Automation System Market Research Report evaluates adoption patterns across agricultural, greenhouse, and landscaping sectors, analyzing deployment levels of controllers, sensors, valves, and communication systems. Approximately 64% of installations are concentrated in agricultural farms, while 21% are distributed across greenhouse operations and 15% across turf and landscape irrigation. The study includes performance benchmarking of wireless communication technologies including cellular, radio frequency, and satellite telemetry used for remote irrigation monitoring. More than 58% of automation installations now use mobile-based monitoring dashboards to control irrigation schedules and track water consumption.

The report further examines equipment penetration rates, showing nearly 49% of commercial farms utilize soil moisture sensing while 37% employ weather-based irrigation scheduling. Approximately 44% of golf facilities operate centralized irrigation management systems controlling thousands of sprinklers simultaneously. Regional analysis covers water availability conditions, irrigation intensity, and adoption of smart agriculture platforms. It also analyzes integration with fertigation systems, leak detection sensors, and predictive irrigation analytics tools. The coverage highlights operational efficiency improvements exceeding 30% in automated irrigation environments and documents the expansion of connected irrigation networks across large agricultural operations.